Life After the Bachelor's Degree

Students often ask: "What can I do with a degree in Political Science?" The answer is that you can pursue a wide variety of possible careers.

Some options may require a further degree in graduate school or law school, but most are feasible with a Bachelor's degree, including a variety of careers in the public sector.

These include, but are not limited to, campaign consultants, public opinion pollsters, lobbyists, fundraisers for political parties or interest groups, research and policy analysts and program evaluators for interest groups, government agencies or research organizations ("think tanks"), budgetary analysts for government or industry, legislative and political analysts for elected officials, government agencies, interest groups or foreign embassies, city or county managers, state or local government department heads, data collection/researchers or statistical analysts for the private sector or any level of government such as the U.S. Census Bureau or state/local departments of planning, journalists, teachers, college and university professors and lawyers.

There is no inherent contradiction between becoming liberally educated and becoming marketable to private and public sector employers. In the process of selecting and taking courses a student can improve their marketability by constantly striving to improve their critical thinking abilities and communication skills (both written and oral). Prospective employees with these impressive qualities are always in short supply in the job market. In addition, students should take courses and internships which help prepare them for a particular type of career. The optional tracks discussed earlier are suggestive of the paths students might take. For example, students interested in public administration/public policy might select courses from that track (in Political Science and other departments) and supplement their coursework with internships in government budgeting, planning, health or social service offices. These experiences might help lead to paid summer or full-time employment in the future.

Students should strive to put together their own package of courses that appear to best fit their intellectual curiosity and career goals. They should prepare their own individualized courses of action in constant consultation with their academic advisor and possibly other members of the Department.

Students interested, for example, in political campaign consulting and/or public opinion polling might decide to devise their own individualized "track." This could include upper division Political Science courses such as 201 State and Local Government, 241 American Elections, Political Parties and Campaigns, 242 Comparative Political Parties and Elections, 341 Congress and the Legislative Process, 350 American Public Policy and an independent study in some aspect of electoral analysis or campaign management in 402 Advanced Studies in Politics. This latter option might become part of a larger project examined in subsequent research in the 415 Senior Seminar. They could also take up to two internship course credits working with a campaign, political party organization or campaign consulting group. One of our 1995 graduates interned with a prominent Chicago-based consultant who latter hired her in a full-time position. Other options include the American Politics Washington Semester program in the nation's capital, and courses in other departments such as Social Statistics (Sociology 227), Population and Environment (Sociology 344) and Principles of Marketing (Business 331).

The above is merely one example of how an individualized curriculum might be assembled to fit a particular student's intellectual desires and career goals.

Government

Illinois Wesleyan's political science majors are often very competitive for jobs in government. Our majors have found fulfilling positions working in Congressional offices, the executive departments, and so much more. Click on the above link for more information.

Law School

A large number of Political Science majors go on to law school. The national standardized admission exam is the L.S.A.T. (Law School Admissions Test). Students should at least obtain a practice book with practice examinations (as with the G.R.E.). The Department recommends that you consider taking an L.S.A.T. preparation course. It will likely assist you to maximize your test score.

The Department Chair and other members of the Department on the University's Pre-Law Committee have publications and information on the L.S.A.T. and various law schools across the country. You will find that the programs and curriculum of law schools vary much less than those of graduate programs in Political Science. It is the case, however, that a variety of factors should influence your choice of where to apply (and where to accept). The official law school rankings should only be part of the picture.

Graduate School

If you are considering applying to graduate programs in political science, there are several factors which you should carefully weigh when making such a big decision about your future. Here is a guide for how to select a graduate political science program that is appropriate for you and also a timetable to follow when applying to their programs.

In selecting a graduate school, first arrange a meeting with one of your political science professors. He or she will give you guidance as to what kind of graduate programs exist and their strengths and weaknesses. Keep in mind that graduate programs will vary considerably in their focus. Hence, it is not a good idea to solely base your choice of a program on the general reputation of the school alone. You must research the school to find out whether the particular department is strong in the areas or sub-fields that you want to study.

Get a copy of the APSA's Graduate Faculty and Programs in Political Science, and read about the schools your professors suggest. Discuss these choices with political science professors. They may know some things about the department that could affect your decision to apply. Most departments of political science will be glad to send you a brochure about their graduate programs which will provide you with more detailed information to help you pare down the number of schools you are considering. It is not unusual to apply to anywhere from five to fifteen different graduate programs. By applying to a number of schools, you increase the likelihood of being accepted and also receiving financial assistance.

There are a number of both academic and personal factors that weigh into your chances of being accepted to a graduate program in political science. In order to gain acceptance into a higher ranked school, you will need a strong overall GPA (at least around a 3.5) and also good grades in your political science classes. Many of these graduate programs recommend GRE scores of 600 or more in each category, 1200 verbal and quantitative combined. Realize that applicants will often have scores that are much higher than these minimum expected GPA and GRE scores.

A strong research background shows graduate programs that you are able to think analytically. Look to complete an independent senior research project that will highlight these skills, and you might want to try to publish an article in one of the scholarly undergraduate journals such as the Undergraduate Review, Res Publica, and The Park Place Economist. The research project that you start in senior seminar will most likely become your writing sample for graduate school. Be sure to develop a strong research project that will show your ability to write, to analyze data, as well as conduct meaningful research. Talk to your senior seminar professor before choosing your topic so that he or she can help you create a really strong research paper. You should also consider continuing your research project through an independent study the spring of your senior year so that you will be able to defend your results at the Spring Research Conference as well as to a committee for Research Honors. Both of these opportunities are excellent ways to highlight your commitment and maturity to conduct academic research.

Campus activities also are a good way to show commitment, leadership, and creativity. Organizations such as Debate, Pi Sigma Alpha, College Democrats, College Republicans, Habitat for Humanity, Student Senate, etc., are also possible organizations to join and commit to during college. Another way to show aptitude and a sense of maturity in your decision to go to graduate school is to find an internship that somehow relates to the fields that you want to pursue in graduate school.

It is not too early to start talking to political science professors about possible graduate study in your freshman, sophomore, or junior year. It is imperative that you give yourself enough time to complete all of the applications. You must start this process no later than the beginning of the fall semester of your senior year. Following is a schedule you could follow in your senior of college:

Time Line

September

Talk with professors in the political science department about graduate school in general and specific programs which may be best for you.

Search through books on graduate programs in political science and make a list of programs that interest you. Review this list with your professor. Determine what kind of financial aid packages the department usually offers its incoming class. How many years do they financially support their students? Do students compete for funding the first year or not? These are important questions to ask the department that you are researching.

If you talk to the secretaries of a particular department, be nice. They can really help you out in a bind, or else make your life miserable if you are rude to them. Treat the staff with respect and courtesy at all times.

If you have not already done so, find out when the Graduate Record Examination is being administered by contacting the Career Center. You need to find out if the graduate departments you are considering require the specialized political science portion of the GRE, and if necessary make arrangements to take it. Since the GRE is a very important factor in receiving financial aid from a graduate school program, you might want to consider taking a prep course offered by Stanley Kaplan at ISU. Other options include picking up some practice books and working over vocabulary, analytic reasoning, and math. It is to your benefit to prepare for this three-and-a-half hour long exam. The latest date that you can take the GRE by pencil and paper and still apply to graduate programs is the Mid-October date. Computerized GREs are also available, but they do not offer you some of the same testing conditions as the pencil and paper exams, and therefore are generally not recommended.

October

Send for program brochures and applications from the political science departments of the graduate schools that interest you, and pick out the programs you will apply to. Shoot for a range of programs that vary in their admissions criteria by choosing some schools that you have a strong shot at getting into and also a couple that are more selective.

Decide who among your professors might recommend you for graduate school. Personally visit your recommenders to ask them to write a letter. Bring a briefing sheet for each recommender listing the course or courses you took with them, the grade your received, the titles of the papers you wrote in that class, your resume, and anything else that might help them write a meaningful letter for you. Be sure to ask them if they feel comfortable writing a good letter of recommendation. The last thing you want is a mediocre or poor letter from a professor as that could seriously harm your chances of getting into your selected graduate programs. Be sure to also make them aware of the deadlines for the letters of recommendation because some are as early as December 15.

It is your responsibility to make sure that your recommenders complete the letters for you, so gently remind them throughout the semester about your letter.

Take the GRE and have the scores sent directly to the graduate schools that you are applying to so that they receive them in time.

November or December

Write a draft of your personal statement. It is imperative that you have your personal statement reviewed by political science faculty as they know what graduate school admission committees are looking for in this letter. Do not underestimate the importance of the personal statement. It is a crucial part of your application because it is the only thing that the admissions committee will receive from you that reflects your personality and also your choices for pursuing graduate study. Consequently, it requires a lot of thought, many rewrites, and also input from other qualified people.

Type your applications and make sure they look neat. You want to turn your application in with some time to spare so they arrive before the deadline. Do not rely on next day air shipping unless your are rich-and you won't be after you've paid for your GRE scores, your application fees, transcript fees, and phone calls to the department requesting information.

Turn the applications in and RELAX. There is nothing you can do not except wait-and enjoy the second semester of your senior year.

February, March, or April

You will start to hear back from your schools by mid-February at the earliest. Keep the political science professors abreast of what you hear back from the programs, and be sure to discuss any financial packages you receive with them.